Geographical Position, Tehran Province The province of Tehran covers on area of 18,956 square kilometers and is located to the north of the central plateau of Iran. This province has common borders with the Mazandaran province from north, Qom province from south, Semnan province from east and Qazvin province from west. The metropolis of Tehran is not only the central city of the province, but is also the capital of the Islamic Republic of Iran. According to the latest records, the townships of this province includes Tehran, Damavand, Ray, Savoj Bolaq, Shemiranat, Shahriyar, Varamin, Islam Shahr and Karaj. The population density of Tehran province in October 1996 was approximately 11.176 million of which about 84.15% resided is urban areas and 15.85% is the rural area. The highest point of the province is Damavand peak at an attitude of 5,678 m. and the lower most vicinity of the province being the plains of Varamin, 790 m. above sea level and located to the south-east of the province. Mountain ranges such as the Alborz span the north; the Savad Kooh and Firooz Kooh exhibitionountains are located in the north east; Lavasanat, Qarah Daq, Shemiranat, Hassan Abad and Namak Mountains are in the southern territory; Bibi Shahr Banoo and Alqadr are situated in the south east and the heights of Qasr-e-Firoozeh being located to the east of the province. Climate, Tehran Province Environmentally speaking the climate of Tehran province in the desert and southern territories is warm and dry, in the skirts of the mountains cold and semi -humid, and in the higher regions cold, experiencing long winters. The hottest months of the year are from mid-July to mid-September when temperatures range at an average of 28° - 30° C and the coldest months experience a 1° C temperature that is in December-January. Tehran city has moderate winters and hot summers. North of which and Shemiranat experience a moderate climate in summers. The average annual rainfall is approximately 400 mm., the maximum being during the winter season. Generally speaking, throughout spring, summer and even autumn seasons, regions such as the southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains, specially in the mountain, valley, river and lake regions formed behind the great dams of Amir Kabir, Latiyan and Lar along with natural lakes of Jaban and Tarr have considerable recreational values and provide further facilities in this regard. More over due to excessive snowfall in the northern areas of the province during the winter season, the southern slopes of the Alborz form an excellent environment for winter sports specially skiing. History and Culture, Tehran Province Present Tehran is considered to be one of the largest and most populated cities of the world. It has gone through plenty of upheavals in history. Tehran which was no more than a village before is now a metropolis with a population density of more than 8 million citizens. It was selected as the Capital of Iran in 1200 AH. and since then has been the political, cultural, economical and commercial nucleus of the country. During the past 200 years it has been witness to the rise of reputed scholars, writers, poets and artists, both those who have lived here and those who are currently inhabiting this city which has also helped to develop today’s metropolis into a seat of culture.
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